Could someone explain the Game Types and Modifiers?

[J-Me]

Please explain the Game Types. Also what exactly does each of the Game Modifiers do?

[J-Me]

Here's an outline of the Game Types:

[Theyleon]

For the game modifiers, what I've worked out is:
Standard - no changes
Classic - no nanosuits or killstreaks (kinda like barebones in black ops)
Pro - Hardcore (i.e. less health, no HUD)
Solo - not sure, but I suspect it means no pre-made parties of players can join
Fast rounds - reduces the time between maps
New Recruit - low level players only (under 10 I think?)